Scientific Studies & Research
Evidence-based research and scientific studies that inform our calculators and training recommendations.
VO2 Max Research
Heart Rate Zone Research
FTP & Cycling Power
Lactate Threshold Research
Training Methodology
Performance Prediction
Key Research Papers & References
VO2 Max & Endurance Performance
Bassett, D. R., & Howley, E. T. (2000). "Limiting factors for maximum oxygen uptake and determinants of endurance performance." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.
Heart Rate Training Zones
Seiler, S. (2010). "What is best practice for training intensity and duration distribution in endurance athletes?" International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance.
Lactate Threshold Training
Faude, O., Kindermann, W., & Meyer, T. (2009). "Lactate threshold concepts: how valid are they?" Sports Medicine.
FTP & Cycling Performance
Allen, H., & Coggan, A. (2010). "Training and Racing with a Power Meter." VeloPress.